Nearpod in the Library

On a Friday afternoon, I opened a letter from my school district informing me that I would be the full time high school librarian the following school year. I was elated! I had so many lesson ideas floating around my head to support literacy and critical thinking in our school; however, I had one problem: I would be taking over a library that was ill-equipped to handle contemporary information literacy lessons. Enter the magic of Nearpod to make information literacy lesson dreams come true. Below, you will find my top five uses for Nearpod in the school library!

Nearpod for Presentations 

1. Although these days there is SO MUCH you can do with Nearpod, I started using the program as a way to disseminate instructional slides to students because we didn't (and still don't) have a presentation screen in our library. It was easy enough to upload an existing PowerPoint or Google Slides presentation and then students could view the slides directly on their device! The classroom management aspect was also a bonus. Nearpod shows the presenter when a student is out of the program. Instead of wondering if students are on task and paying attention to the lesson, I can simply say, "Oh, I see that someone is no longer in the presentation. Did you happen to get kicked out?" And as quickly as that, my student is back in the game!

Nearpod for Research: No More Mistyped Links!

2. Never again do I hear the phrase "Ms. K, that link doesn't work," and then proceed to cringe because a student mistyped one character out of seemingly a thousand in a URL. I include just a few slides that demo how to use our library databases or other web-based resources and then include the website immediately after for students to conduct a sample search. My instruction has become so much more effective now that students can immediately practice the skills that they gain during a research lesson. I can easily check for understanding with a follow-up question that requires each student to answer or a Collaborate Board to see what students discovered during their search. Nearpod has transformed the research learning process!

Nearpod for Study Hall Expectations

3. Many of our students use the library space every day for study hall, so it is imperative that they understand library policies and procedures. I used to hand students a piece of paper with expectations listed, they would glance at it, and then throw it away. Now, I do a five minute live Nearpod presentation providing important procedures for library attendance and methods for learning about library closures. I get to show a little bit of my personality by posting goofy photos from my life, and I can include a draw-it slide so that students can upload a photo or draw a picture to let me know something important about them. Getting to know students who come to the library to collaborate with peers or to work independently on a computer can be challenging, but a Nearpod presentation can be one quick way to connect with students. You can always look back on student answers about themselves later on to remind yourself of student names and interests. Plus, I can launch a student-paced lesson for students who are not present during the live lesson.

Nearpod Time to Climb and Reports to Collect Student Growth Data

4. In Pennsylvania, part of our Teacher Evaluation System requires that we collect data to demonstrate student growth (for the Student Learning Objective). Collecting data to display student growth can be a big challenge for many school librarians who do not see the same students every day. I discovered that Nearpod can alleviate some of the data pressure by using the game Time to Climb. Librarians can create a stress-free pre-test with Time to Climb, all while providing students with a preview of what they will learn. The data collected for each student, along with the graphs, make for compelling pieces to demonstrate student growth to a supervising administrator. You can either ask the same questions in a post-test to illustrate growth, or you can score part of the student project. I often just ask the cooperating teacher if I can grade student research notes or citations - whatever part of the project the librarian lessons covered.

Nearpod Library of Information Literacy Lessons

5. Finally, the Nearpod Library has a huge collection of engaging Digital Citizenship and Literacy lessons. Many of the lessons are created in collaboration with the highly regarded Common Sense Media, which creates content that librarians already know and trust. Lessons range from spotting fake news to responsible engagement with social media and how to deal with phishing scams. Lessons are available for kindergarten through high school level, and are searchable by topic, audience level, or even standard. For those librarians who also provide professional development in their district, Nearpod also has an extensive library of "Ready to Run" PD. Or, you can always create your own PD using Nearpod, increasing peer engagement by adding polls, Collaborate Boards, and important weblinks for colleagues to access.

Clearly, I use Nearpod a lot in my library. Whether I need a quick way to get the right online resources into students' hands or I need an engaging way to present new material, Nearpod has been an important tool in my library. Check it out for yourself!

Google Summit on Digital Safety and Citizenship at Google HQ, Pittsburgh

On March 22, 2018, a group of educators from all over PA assembled at Google HQ in Pittsburgh for the 6th iteration of Google's Digital Citizenship Summit. I was unsure of what I would be able to gain at the summit, as we were made aware that the information would be geared toward middle grade teachers. But the conversations we started and many of the resources we received could apply to teachers at any grade level.

We began and ended with sessions lead by Larry Magid. Mr. Magid has created numerous resources for students, parents, educators and seniors surrounding the topic of digital safety. His first talk focused on connectsafely.org, an organization for which he is president and CEO, located in tech hub Silicon Valley. ConnectSafely offers news, resources, and guides all surrounding the topic of digital safety. Some of the guides Larry shared with us are for parents, educators, and seniors. Our final session with Mr. Magid was a "Fireside Chat," during which a Googler lead a Q&A not only with Larry, but also with the educators. I enjoyed this interactive session, hearing from experts both in the classroom and in industry.

Other sessions included an overview of Google's Be Internet Awesome with Googler Rob, and another was lead by several teachers at McGuffey. The teachers at McGuffey had implemented a number of Be Internet Awesome lessons, including the Interland game, in their middle school. The game is neat, and I imagine middle schoolers would really enjoy the entertaining reinforcement of digital citizenship skills. In Rob's session we had a chance to test out the game for ourselves. I did hear some educators mention that the game may be a little young for middle school and perhaps be even more engaging with elementary-level students.  The age group that I work with, high school students, are not the target audience for Google's digital citizenship resources; however, the other guides and resources we received are relevant at any level.

Overall, it was an engaging workshop that started important discussions on media literacy and digital safety. We all need to be more cognizant that we are incorporating these skills and teachable moments into our digital lessons.

PSLA Annual Conference: A Homecoming

Last school year, I attended the American Association of School Librarians National Conference in Columbus, OH. I had a blast teaching and learning from librarians located all over the country (and even the world!). But unfortunately, this meant that I had to miss the Pennsylvania School Librarians Association Annual Conference in Hershey last year. AASL was a wonderful experience; however, coming back to PSLA this year felt like coming home. I missed running into colleagues with whom I collaborate on the listserv and Schoology, and I missed the chocolate, of course! Speaking with librarians from other states at AASL also made me realize just how special of an organization PSLA is, and how lucky we are here in Pennsylvania to have such supportive and involved colleagues.

A highlight for me this year at PSLA was meeting with my team members for the Regional Leaders Academy over dinner on Thursday night. I am very much looking forward to working with them throughout the next year. Another wonderful experience was attending the Advisory Council lunch and meeting some of the people that make this organization what it is. Hmmm...I'm sensing a food theme here...

I also appreciated learning more about Future Reading Librarians - this was an initiative that I had heard a little bit about but didn't quite know how to incorporate into my own program. Shannon McClintock Miller, spokesperson for the Future Ready Librarians initiative, shared more about the various roles that future ready librarians must be able to fulfill. Participants had an opportunity to discuss which roles we already perform well and which roles are still challenging. I identified that I am proficient in leading PD, I am always working to cultivate instructional partnerships, and I have just begun working on community partnerships. Luckily, we received a wonderful resource for future reference as we continue to grow our programs: bit.ly/PSLAfuturereadylibs.

I was extremely excited to share my love of Google Street View and Google Cardboard during my session Come Fly With Me: Virtual Field Trips. Participants seemed to really enjoy using Nearpod to explore VR, and they also seemed pretty amazed at the places they could visit using the Street View and Cardboard apps. One participant taught me about a United Nations Virtual Reality website, which features a number of important stories in VR. Additionally, we had a great discussion about videoconferencing with authors. I learned that the most important prep a teacher can do is to test out the equipment ahead of time! Overall, I was really happy with how the session went, and I will continue to incorporate short bursts of discussion and tech practice during upcoming workshops. I know that I've said this before, but I truly do lead workshops on topics I am passionate about in part so that I can learn from other experts in the room.

The school librarian community is just that: a community. And this group is giving and kind and smart and helpful. I am always thankful to be a part of PSLA.

PA School Librarian at the Young Adult Library Association Symposium

In November 2016, I had the opportunity to attend the YALSA Symposium in Pittsburgh, PA. The most fantastic part of the conference was meeting so many fabulously entertaining storytellers. I was introduced to the funny, smart, and lovely Meredith Russo, and I cannot wait to read her book If I was Your Girl. I was also especially geeked out to meet E.K. Johnston (pictured right), author of one of my favorite Westmoreland Interscholastic Reading Competition books from the 2017 list. The Book Blitz was fun but completely insane. Many of the participating authors from the symposium participated in the blitz, where each author had a table with a mesmerizing number of books primed and ready to be signed. If looking for a more low-key moment to hear from the authors, I actually preferred the author panels. No signed books during the panels, but we got to hear what events or moments may have inspired the stories we couldn't wait to share with our patrons. Perhaps my favorite session was the ending keynote starring a few Pittsburgh favorites: Jesse Andrews and Siobhan Vivian. Their hilarious anecdotes were the perfect way to end the conference.

One aspect of the symposium that I had not experienced at a conference before was the opportunity to  "Pitch a Program." This concept provided a thoughtful way to try to incorporate what we learned immediately and have the possibility of earning funds to put our ideas into place. I attended a number of sessions on programs about LGBTQIA+ issues and came up with the idea to do a book club reading of a contemporary YA book with characters or themes that would provide insight into the LGBTQIA+ community. My pitch inspired me to contact author Caleb Roehrig on Twitter to get his take on Own Voices authors that my students could read. I am humbled and thankful for his quick responses, with many wonderful suggestions of authors and books: some of which I am familiar with and others of which I am excited to get to know. Although I was not awarded with funds for my program idea, I am hoping to possibly put this program into place eventually.

Overall, the symposium was fantastically fun and I am so happy that YALSA came to Pittsburgh. As a school librarian, I knew the content would be geared toward the public librarian; however, I still found myself missing the ed tech sessions that I lean toward attending at school library conferences. Some of the very frank conversations on health and sex may not be possible in a school library, but I did walk away with some new concepts to try.

ESSA and School Libraries in Pennsylvania

On a beautiful Fall day, librarians from around the state of Pennsylvania convened at Toftrees Conference Center in State College Pennsylvania to discuss the provisions for librarians in the Every Student Succeeds Act. Lead by Laura Hicks, the Region 2 Director of the American Association of School Librarians board, we reviewed the definition of an effective school library program before exploring the specific federal guidelines and state interpretations of these guidelines. We ended the workshop by discussing ways in which we can apply what we have learned to our own school libraries.

The AASL definition of an effective school library program pulls from two important phrases present in the Every Student Succeeds Act language, including that libraries provide "personalized learning environments" to ensure a"well-rounded" education. Additionally, AASL outlines how the school library program is essential to "college, career and community readiness," including that the library is staffed with a certified school librarian, it has current digital and print resources, and it provides staff development and collaboration opportunities. Furthermore, AASL offers the qualifications that a school librarian should possess, including being "instructional leaders," supporters of multiple literacies (digital and information, among others), and elevators of reading initiatives. More information and precise verbiage can be found on the AASL Position Statements page: http://essa.aasl.org/aasl-position-statements.

Following the definition of an effective program, with the help of video messages from the American Library Association Executive Director of Washington Office Emily Sheketoff, we explored each part of ESSA that pertains to developing and maintaining effective school library programs.

Title I of ESSA ensures that state and local agencies improve basic programs. Ms. Hicks urged us to consider what we are already doing, as school librarians, to improve digital literacy for our students. What can we do to impact student learning? Schools need librarians and access to effective school library programs in order to impact student achievement.

In Title II, ESSA advocates for supporting effective instruction. School librarians often lead their own professional development workshops or in-service day sessions after attending conferences and workshops. Because entire districts benefit from school librarian attendance at conferences and workshops, Title II Part A funds can be used for the librarian to attend professional development opportunities. Additionally, Literacy Education for All, Results for the Nation (or LEARN), specifies that school librarians can participate in required grant activities. According to Sheketoff, these grants can be used for teachers and school librarians to meet and collaborate on literacy initiatives. Innovative Approaches to Literacy (IAL) specifically states that funds should be used for supporting effective school library programs. Ultimately, school librarians can aide in applying for grants, and they need to research and make sure that the district grant writer is aware of important school grants that can help in enhancing library programs.

Title IV, Part A discusses Student Support and Academic Enrichment Grants, otherwise known as Block Grants. ESSA essentially authorizes school librarians to learn about technology, as librarians offer "access to personalized, rigorous learning experiences supported by technology." Therefore, librarians should be afforded the opportunities to update technology skills and provide technology for their students.

The session ended with discussion on how to apply all of these elements to our own libraries. We were encouraged to develop short speeches that could quickly and spontaneously help others see the importance of school libraries and librarians.

Allison Burrel, President of the Pennsylvania School Librarians Association, also directed us to take a look at the new ESSA recommendations developed for the state of Pennsylvania specifically: http://www.education.pa.gov/Documents/About%20PDE/ESSA/October%2018,%202016/AIR%20Report%20PA%20ESSA%2010%2014%2016.pdf. Further information about the Every Student Succeeds Act can be found on the PA Department of Education website: http://www.education.pa.gov/Pages/Every-Student-Succeeds-Act.aspx#tab-1.  A compilation of resources and advocacy tools can be found on the ESSA and School Libraries website: http://essa.aasl.org.

Ultimately, librarians must stay abreast of new legislation that provides effective school library provisions. We can remain hopeful that the federal government, state, and local agencies recognize the importance of school libraries to student achievement. But we must still continue to advocate for all that school libraries can do to support digital and print literacy, technology skills, teacher professional development, and overall school culture. Our students depend on it.

Work Cited
American Association of School Librarians. Connecting ESSA to School Librarians. 25 Oct. 2016.

Highlights from AASL 2015

 Beautiful Columbus, OH! There could not have been a better city to host the conference. I had a lovely dinner in German Village after spending the first day learning at the Idea Lab.

 I met up with another Westmoreland County librarian! I was excited to see so many LMS's from Western PA.

"Beyond Issue" books panel really gave me the opportunity to think about the difference between books about mental illness and books with dynamic characters who happen to experience mental illness. Great book list!

 I attended another fantastic panel that featured "perspectives from the Middle East." The moderator was none other than Sabaa Tahir! So star-struck.

Brian Sleznick's keynote was so fantastic that it prompted me to unexpectedly purchase The Marvels and get it autographed! He is a born storyteller. I put his keynote right up there with the Neil Gaiman lecture I attended in Pittsburgh.

The Introverted Public Speaker: Why You Should Still Be a Presenter

I have often pondered the answer to this question: why am I, an introvert, also a public speaker? It doesn't seem to make sense. At the beginning of November, I had the honor of leading a concurrent session at the 2015 AASL national conference. After the thrill of my proposal acceptance wore off, a mild panic set in. I knew I would be prepared, but the racing pulse just wouldn't slow down. Why did I agree to do this?

And then I had to reflect on why I had put so much time into creating a proposal - why I wanted to present so badly. One reason I am a presenter is because I am passionate about what I do. I enjoy being a school librarian, and I am excited to share the projects that have been successful in my library. If my ideas can help a colleague, all the better.

Perhaps the bigger reason I present is because of the librarians who have made me the passionate

professional I am today. Whether I am learning at a conference, in a class, over lunch, from the PSLA listserv, on Twitter, through blogs - I am excited about my job because so many wonderful colleagues have shown me the way. The community of school librarians out there have offered me lesson and promotion ideas, they have modeled how to be a tech leader in their schools, and they have demonstrated how to convey a love of learning. It only seems fair that I pass this excitement on to others. My predecessors should not bear the entire burden of inspiring a whole new class of librarians. We are a community of seekers and most importantly sharers. I present because I feel incredibly lucky to be a member of this community and I want to give back in any way that I can.

Finally, I present because then I get to start the conversation in which I want to participate. I have been very fortunate to attend several different library conferences, and the topic that has most shaped the teacher librarian I am today is library promotion. The only way students get the full impact of their information literacy education is if they have the opportunity to come to the library. I am very lucky to have learned many of my promotion skills at conferences.

If you are on the fence about becoming a conference presenter, put your fears aside and reflect on how much you have gained from other conference presenters. Good luck on your next presentation!

NEA Foundation Learning and Leadership Grant and the 2015 PaLA Conference

I am very fortunate to be one of the 2015-2016 recipients of the NEA Foundation Learning and Leadership Grant. This grant provides teachers the opportunity to participate in professional development activities that they otherwise would not have had the means to fund themselves. Considering the state of Pennsylvania is now five months without a budget, schools are cutting "non-essentials," like PD. As a school librarian, my job entails collaborating with teachers, librarians, administrators and other professionals. Thus, I consider learning about new educational technology, new books, and new teaching methods or project ideas to be an essential part of my job. Collaboration is ultimately the reason I decided to seek out alternative means of funding conferences this year, and it is the theme for the PD I have selected to fund with this grant.

My first order of business was to attend the Pennsylvania Library Association conference in State College, PA. I have never attended this conference before. While at PaLA, I was able to meet librarians in all fields of librarianship, including public, outreach, academic, research, special, and more, all from towns throughout the commonwealth. I leaned from my colleagues that despite our different library fields, we face so many of the same issues: waning budgets, the need for diverse materials, changing patron interests, new technology and more. I also discovered that our differences can be mutually beneficial. Public libraries offer students a place to research, read, and use the internet when the school library is closed. They can offer special teen programs after the school day is over. Academic libraries provide research materials that students can borrow and special archived collections that a school library would not have room to carry. And of course school libraries offer teens instruction on how to properly use library materials in school and afterwards.

In terms of sessions, by far I was most excited about the "We Need Diverse Books" YA authors

panel. I was introduced to a number of PA authors who feature diversity in their stories, even if diversity is not the focal point. The authors stressed that diverse books have so much to offer teens beyond being a reflection of a reader's own diversity. Librarians should seek out diverse books because they are good stories, and they can perhaps encourage teens to see a world beyond their own. I will be able to incorporate these stories into a fiction project I collaborate on with one of our language arts teachers.

Additionally, I attended the PA Forward Cream of the Crop session. PA Forward is an initiative that brings librarians together to promote the five literacies. Librarians had just a few minutes to share an exemplary program or resource that they use to address basic, information, civic, financial or health literacy. Some of the ideas that I found most interesting and relevant included a volunteer fair, grant tips to acquire maker materials, and a photo station in the library. I could see setting up a selfie station in the library before winter break with a green screen app. From ideas I gathered at this session and others at the conference, I am also tossing around the idea of holding a college application-writing session one evening. If I were to create a volunteer fair of college-application session, I would need to collaborate with administrators, counselors, teachers, community members, and college personnel.

Finally, one of the evening activities was entitled "Paint Space." During this session, participants watched YouTube videos on how to paint tree branches. Then, we had the chance to recreate the tree branches on our own canvases. This was a fun and also an easy-to-recreate maker activity. As my library is in desperate need of a makeover, I have already purchased art supplies for students to paint pictures for our walls. Although I am not an artist, YouTube instructors take some of the pressure off of the librarian! I cannot wait to update our artwork! Although this would not be so much of a collaborative lesson for me, maker activities are often inherently collaborative for students. I may also request the help of the Art Club sponsor to spread the word that her members could leave their mark on the library - quite literally!

Overall, this was a fantastic conference, and I was happy to see other sides of my profession.

Library Promotion

As I prepare for my session on collaboration for the AASL 2015 National Conference, I can't help

but reflect on my journey through library promotion. The two facets of school librarianship certainly go hand-in-hand. When I accepted a position as a part-time middle school librarian/part-time high school English teacher back in 2011, I didn't know much about library promotion. In fact, promotion is one of the biggest facets of the job that sets a teacher librarian (with a flexible schedule) apart from a classroom teacher. I knew I needed to make teachers and administrators aware of what the library had to offer them, but I wasn't quite sure how to go about doing that effectively. And I probably didn't do a great job that first year. I had a lot of obstacles to overcome both personally and professionally, but those cannot be excuses for scanty library use. I only really started to become adept at library promotion after I joined the Pennsylvania School Librarians Association Promotions Committee - and I joined quite by accident! I attended my first leadership summit expecting to be a part of another committee that needed more members, but unfortunately the only other member from this committee had other obligations during our meeting time. So, in an effort to make my trip to the workshop worthwhile, I sat down with a lively and organized group of ladies (imagine that - organized librarians!). This group turned out to be the Promotions Committee, and they welcomed me with open arms. Not only did we discuss different ways of effectively promoting our services to our school communities, but we also created a number of advocacy lists to help other librarians discover great ways of promoting their libraries.

One of the greatest professional experiences I have had was presenting a session at the PSLA annual conference. Along with four other amazing school librarians who work with students ranging from grades K-12, we presented ideas for library promotion. While presenting was fun, the best part of doing this presentation was learning from all of the other fantastic librarians who attended the session.  The greatest take-away was that a conference session presenter is merely a facilitator, and using the time to have a group brainstorm can be immensely beneficial to all participants.

Since this presentation, I have now implemented several promotional ideas that I gathered from session participants. One that I have used the past two years is the Used Book Sale. Not only am I able to make a little bit of petty cash for other promotions, but also I am able to provide a reason for parents to check out the library during open house, an incentive for administrators to come see what we are up to in the library, and maybe a way to coax a few students and teachers who do not normally frequent the library to see what we have to offer them. We have received book donations from community members who are happy to give their used books a meaningful home, and we have been able to fund prize drawings and reading incentives for other library promotions.

Based on my previous experiences with library conferences, I cannot wait to facilitate a discussion on collaboration at AASL 2015. I cannot even anticipate the kinds of strategies and project ideas I will gain from my colleagues who have school libraries all over the nation. But I know that I will return from the conference excited to try new ideas and ready to collaborate with teachers.

PA School Librarian in Germany: Pictorial Ode to Mainz

View from the Ministry of Education for Rhineland-Palatinate

We were very honored to visit the state parliament building for Rhineland-Palatinate

We attended lectures at Johannes Gutenberg Universitat, Mainz

I especially enjoyed our numerous cultural excursions to Altstadt, or Old Town

The Chagall windows were etherial

Gutenberg Museum: Librarian's dream field trip!

Farewell, Mainz! You will forever have a special place in my heart <3

PA School Librarian in Germany: Private Schools

On Monday we visited a private all girl's Catholic school. The school was founded 250 years ago, and at one time was run by nuns. This school offers both a gymnasium and a vo-tech education.

Although the school is a private school, they still receive funding from the state, and therefore is free for students to attend. Students do not have to be Catholic, or even Christian, to attend the school; however, they must have a very moral foundation. Likewise, teachers do not have to practice a particular religion, but they seem to be held to a high moral standard (not unlike teachers in the US). The school is founded on the ideas of respect, help, solidarity and a commitment to making the world a better place. In the 11th-grade, students must complete a 4-week internship at a social institution. Many students intern at hospitals or kindergartens in order to fulfill this work requirement.

God, of course, is important at this Catholic school. Students must periodically attend services at school, but these services do not occur weekly. Students do not necessarily attend church with their families every weekend, and membership in a church is not compulsory.

The sciences are a big focus of the school, and because of this focus, girls tend to perform well on their science exams. Music is also a big focus, and the school boasts two orchestras: one for the younger grades and one for the older. Students have the opportunity to perform at the beautiful concert hall in Mainz.

Many exchanges are offered with foreign schools, and students are required to learn English or French as the first foreign language, and Latin or Spanish as the second foreign language. Eighty percent of girls attending the gymnasium end up also attending university.

At the vo-tech program, girls have the chance to study economy and administration or home economics and nutrition. Students receive the Realschule certification from this program, and the school does accept students from other schools for just the two year vo-tech program.  After the vo-tech program is over, students can continue attending a specialist school in their field, or else they can choose to continue school and receive their Abitur.

We had the chance to speak with some fantastic English teachers who very generously gave of their time. The woman I spoke with had actually attended the school as a girl and then quite by coincidence was assigned to teach at this school by the state. She mentioned that she is thankful for this placement, and I must say that the teachers at the school all seemed very positive and they seemed to like their school and their colleagues very much. What a wonderful place for girls to be educated!

PA School Librarian in Germany: Cultural Experiences

On Saturday of the Fulbright program in Germany, we had the day off. By "day off" I mean that we had an opportunity to create our own cultural experience. I chose to visit Heidelberg, which is only 50 minutes away from Mainz by IC train. I think pictures will do the trip better justice than any words could ever do!

 

In the evening, one of our group members organized a beautiful trip to Bingen, which is about a 30 minute train ride from Mainz. Bingen and the surrounding towns were having a summer celebration. Each town provided a fireworks display, and boats would follow the fireworks on the river. It was quite a sight!

PA School Librarian in Germany: Gymnasium

I think that a lot of us were very much looking forward to observing a gymnasium. This school could be compared to an elite secondary school in the States. Serving grades 5-12 (formerly through grade 13), every student and teacher is required to learn English starting at grade 5 (if not earlier), and in the upper grades students must also choose to learn one of the following: French, Spanish, Latin or Italian. All students experience a bilingual education, meaning that they not only learn 2 additional languages, they also have classes taught in English or French. For example, a student might take economics or chemistry, but several days a week they learn the subject in a second language. This is a very authentic way to learn another language, and it appeared to be very effective in creating bilingual students.

The majority of students at the Gymnasium level must attend their local school. This particular school, however, has an excellent gifted program and can accept students from other states just for this specialized program. Grades are determined as 1 (equivalent to approximately an A) through 6 (failing).

In year 10, students receive a 2-week work placement in Germany, England or France. Students here often become so proficient in French that they will take the French exit exam in addition to the Abitur; this ensures that they can seamlessly attend post-secondary education in France, if they desire to do so. The Abitur counts for 1/3 of the graduation score, and the state of Rhineland-Palatinate is the only one of the 16 states to offer un-centralized graduation tests. Teachers create several tests to be sent to the Ministry of Education, the Ministry chooses the test to be administered, and the teacher receives the assessment right before they must administer it to students.


A typical schedule is structured like this: Monday-Thursday classes run 7:55-4:05 and Friday 7:55-12:55. Most lessons are in the morning before lunch, with sports, art and clubs taking place in the afternoon. Most homework is completed during the school day when students have study or tutoring breaks. This school also follows the MINT program, which stands for math, ICT, science and technology, which sounds much like the trend for STEM education in the US. Students also must choose three areas of focus, almost like majors, in order to complete their program of study.

Several of us had the chance to observe a religion class during which a student presented information on Chagall. Mainz is home to a chapel with Chagall glass windows adorning each wall, and so students will visit the chapel next week to see the work in person. Students analyzed the work projected onto a screen using the stylistic and biographical information provided by the presenter. At the end of the presentation, the teacher asked students to offer an evaluation of the presenter, and students very professionally offered both praise and criticism.

The students we spoke with were very impressive. It was clear that these students were very bright and had experienced an excellent education. Their English proficiency was impeccable, and each of them had spent a significant amount of time in the US. All three of them were serious students, but with different majors of study and interests outside of school. All of them plan to attend Universitat after Gymnasium, although only one of them seemed to know where she would like to attend after school.


This school was also the first public school we visited that offered a traditional school library for students. The book cataloging and management of the library is performed by parent volunteers. The mother running the desk during my visit very kindly answered all of my questions about school libraries in Rhineland-Palatinate. She had been helping with the school libraries since her children were young (their primary school had a library, as well). Libraries are traditionally run by mothers in two-hour shifts. This one had 11 computers for students to use in order to create projects or type papers. There were volumes of popular fiction and materials for research. The mother running the library confirmed what student had mentioned to me; teens seem to prefer to buy their books rather than borrow them from the school library. I do not know if this is typical of German teens in general, or just of the teens in the schools we visited.

Overall, it was a fantastic visit, and I especially enjoyed speaking with the panel of German students.

PA School Librarian in Germany: Technical Schools

We attended two fantastically organized vocational school visits today. The first visit was to a school that offers theoretical and practical training to students 16 years of age and older. These students could attend this school from any of the secondary schools offered in Rhineland-Palatinate. The school is home to 3715 students in 187 classes with 165 teachers. Students typically attend the school for 2-3.5 years and can receive a number of certificates upon completion. Most students take on an apprenticeship, and a number of the co-operative programs are international. The school specializes in economics, health/social care, and technology. After an introduction to vocational education and certification in Rhineland-Palatinate and Germany in general, we broke up into groups of 2-4 teachers and a student took us around to two different classroom observations. The first observation for my group was of an English class, and the second was of a network programming class. The instructor in the last classroom asked a student to speak with us about the coursework the students were doing, but we found that many of the students spoke English very proficiently and were very open and willing to speak with us. Two students we spoke to had successfully completed the Abitur, but then decided to attend technical training even after working through several years at University. One student explained to us that even though each student had taken a different route to get to this program, that he did not think better or less of any of them. The students also confirmed that although IT work pays very well in the US, it does not pay nearly as well Germany.

The candid conversations we experienced here with both staff and students has been unparalleled thus far. The school was very welcoming and had clearly made a lot of preparations in order to make our visit interesting, informative, and enjoyable. Of course our favorite part of the program was the homemade meal that was prepared, in part, by students at the school. The creamy cucumber soup was one of the best things I have tasted in Germany! And the homemade ice cream, prepared with raspberries from the chef's garden, was just "fantastisch!" Not even pictures will do this meal justice, but here they are anyway!

After our visit to the technical school, we attended a tour and talk at a school that students attend in conjunction with their internship. The school is run more like a corporation, as companies can own shares of the co-operative, while others are considered customers. Either way, companies, trainees and professional instructors all seem very invested in the practical programs available at this school. Instead of each company training their interns individually, customers can send their trainees here. The advantages of this system are varied, but one of the best reasons to run trainings like this is that company machines are then not taken up by interns. Instead, machines available at companies can be used for production. The school offers training for 300 professions, and they serve both young students and employees needing updated training in their fields. Additionally, the school has a partnership with a university in Bingen and can now offer a BA in engineering. Most importantly, the school feels trainees must gain social, specialized and methodical skills before leaving the program. The new director of the school was very clear that social and communication skills are incredibly important in industry, and they cultivate these skills in their students. This school, while very well funded by corporations, amazingly is still a part of the public school system.